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migrating motor complex
Migrating motor complexes (or migrating myoelectric complex or migratory motor complex or migratory myoelectric complex or MMC) are waves of electrical activity that sweep through the intestines in a regular cycle during fasting. These motor complexes trigger peristaltic waves, which facilitate transportation of indigestible substances such as bone, fiber, and foreign bodies from the stomach, through the small intestine, past the ileocecal sphincter, and into the colon. The MMC occurs every 90-120 minutes during the interdigestive phase (between meals), and is responsible for the rumbling experienced when hungry.〔Poitras, P. & Peeters, T.L., 2008. Motilin. Current Opinion in Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Obesity, 15(1), pp.54–57.〕 It also serves to transport bacteria from the small intestine to the large intestine, and to inhibit the migration of colonic bacteria into the terminal ileum.
==Phases==
The MMC originates mostly in the stomach — although ~25% will arise from the duodenum or proximal jejunum — and can travel to the distal end of the ileum.〔Boron, Walter F. & Emile L. Boulpaep, 2012. Medical Physiology, 2e Updated Edition: with STUDENT CONSULT Online Access, 2e 2 edition., Philadelphia, PA: Saunders.〕 They consist of four distinct phases: Phase I — A prolonged period of quiescence; Phase II — Increased frequency of action potentials and smooth muscle contractility; Phase III — A few minutes of peak electrical and mechanical activity, and; Phase IV — Declining activity which merges with the next Phase I.〔Boron, Walter F. & Emile L. Boulpaep, 2012. Medical Physiology, 2e Updated Edition: with STUDENT CONSULT Online Access, 2e 2 edition., Philadelphia, PA: Saunders.〕
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